Although gold and silver are not by nature money, money is by nature gold and silver.

A circuit performed by a capital and meant to be a periodical process, not an individual act, is called its turnover. The duration of this turnover is determined by the sum of its time of production and its time of circulation.

Exchange value forms the substance of money, and exchange value is wealth.

Capital is money, capital is commodities. By virtue of it being value, it has acquired the occult ability to add value to itself. It brings forth living offspring, or, at the least, lays golden eggs.

Gold is now money with reference to all other commodities only because it was previously, with reference to them, a simple commodity.

The circulation of capital realizes value , while living labour creates value.