Those who, in debate, appeal to their qualifications, argue from memory, not from understanding.

Just as food eaten without appetite is a tedious nourishment, so does study without zeal damage the memory by not assimilating what it absorbs.

Whoever in discussion adduces authority uses not intellect but rather memory.

A person must have a good memory to keep the promises he has made. A person must have a strong imagination to be able to have pity. So closely is morality tied to the quality of the intellect.

Memory says, 'I did that.' Pride replies, 'I could not have done that.' Eventually, memory yields.

Anyone who conducts an argument by appealing to authority is not using his intelligence; he is just using his memory.